The Crime of Aggression

• Launched two wars of aggression against Iran and Kuwait; invaded Saudi Arabia and attacked the town of Khafji in January 1991.

War Crimes

• Overall responsibility for gross violations of Geneva Convention IV Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time Of War and Geneva Convention III Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War during the war with Iran and the occupation of Kuwait between August 1990 - March 1991.

• Overall responsibility for the brutal repression of the Uprising which followed the Gulf War in 1991 including mass executions, torture and wanton destruction.

Crimes Against Humanity

• Initiated the deportation of the Fayli Kurds in 1980

• Initiated chemical weapons attacks on Iranian troops during the Iran-Iraq War and on Iraq's civilian population in the southern marshes (against the Shi'as and Marsh Arabs) and in northern Iraq (against the Kurds).

• Instigated continuing repression of religious and ethnic minorities including forced deportation, disappearances and murder.

Genocide

• Initiated the use of brutal military force against the Marsh Arabs of southern Iraq as part of an ongoing campaign against the Shi'as, including the deliberate destruction of the Marsh Arabs' way of life.

• Initiated the genocidal Anfal campaigns of 1988 against the Kurds, including chemical weapons attacks, destruction of villages and the rural infrastructure and mass executions.

Torture

• Has permitted and encouraged the endemic use of torture, including rape and the threat of rape, by security forces in Iraq.